Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard Installation and Setup Guide

Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard  Installation and Setup Guide

At the time of writing this guide, OS X 10.5 Leopard was the current release by Apple. The newest OS by Apple is OS X 10.7 Lion. The installation procedure should be relatively the same as previous versions, although, you will need to first create a Lion Recovery Disk using this tool provided by Apple.

Install Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard on a new hard drive.

Step 1 — v10.5 Leopard 

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Depending on the situation, there are two different methods to install Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard on your hard drive:

o    Method 1: Install the operating system and software from scratch. If this is your goal, continue on to step two.

o    Method 2: Clone your existing hard drive. If this is your goal, skip to step 19.

Step 2 

·         Method 1: Fresh Install

·         Insert a Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard installation disc into your optical drive.

·         Hold down the “option” key and restart the computer to bring up the boot option menu.

·         To begin the installation, click the install disc icon on the boot option menu.

Step 3 

·         When prompted, select your language and click the arrow button to continue.

Step 4 

·         After the installer loads, you will be greeted by a welcome window.

·         Select “Disk Utility” from the Utilities drop down menu.

Step 5 

·         Select your new hard drive from the left column in Disk Utility.

·         The correct partition type needs to be set for your hard drive.

o    If it's a brand-new hard drive, it may have no partition listed.

o    For an Intel-based machine, you should have "GUID Partition Table" listed.

o    For a Power-PC-based machine, you should have "Apple Partition Map" listed.

·         If the incorrect partition type is listed, proceed to the next step to delete and re-create the partition. If not, proceed to step 8.

·         Warning: Deleting the partition will erase the entire contents of the partition.

Step 6 

·         The following two steps are onlynecessary if your drive's partition is set incorrectly. Erasing a partition will permanently erase all information stored inside.

·         Select the partition on the drive and click the "-" button.

·         When prompted, click the "Remove" button to remove the drive's existing partitions.

·         Once the partitions have been removed, click the "Options..." button.

Step 7 

·         Select the partition scheme required for your machine:

o    Select "GUID Partition Table" for Intel-based machines.

o    Select "Apple Partition Map" for PowerPC-based machines.

·         Click "Ok."

·         Press the "+" button to add a new partition.

·         Press the "Apply" button.

Step 8 

• Click on the “Erase” tab.
• Choose the Volume format (we recommend “Mac OS Extended (Journaled)”).
  
  
  
  
  

  Step 9 

  • Type in a name for the drive. Apple names their drives "Macintosh HD" from the factory.
  • Click “Erase.”
    
    
    

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Step 10 

• A warning window will pop up and ask if you wish to continue with the erasing process.
• Click "Erase" on the warning window that has popped up.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

  Step 11 

  • After erasing is done, quit Disk Utility.
    
    
    
    
    
    
    

    Step 12 

    • After quitting Disk Utility, proceed with the installation by clicking the "Continue" button.
    • A window will open and ask if you agree to the Software License Agreement.
    • Agree to the Software License Agreement by clicking the "Agree" button
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      

      Step 13 

      • Make sure the correct hard drive is selected as the installation destination.
      • Click "Continue" to proceed with the installation.
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        

        Step 14 

        • We are now ready to install Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard on the hard drive. Before proceeding to the next step, make sure that all of the installation settings are correct.
        • Click "Install" to commence the installation.
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          

          Step 15 

          • The installer will check the source DVD disk before starting the installation process.
          • During this step, you will see a "Skip" button in the Installer window. Do not click the Skip button if you haven't used your install disc before (or recently).
            
            
            
            
            
  
  
  
  

  Step 16 

  • Leopard will now install onto the hard drive.
  • The installation process can range anywhere from a half hour to an hour
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    

    Step 17 

    • If you are installing Leopard from a retail disk, please skip this step.
    • If you are installing an OEM version of Leopard, you need to install the iLife applications and other software from the Applications Install Disc.
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      

      Step 18 

      • The installation was successful. Click "Restart" to reboot the computer.
      • At this point you are finished with the Mac OS X install.
        
        
        
        
        
        
        

        Step 19 

        • Method 2: Cloning the existing hard drive.
        • The following instructions assume you will be using an external USB/FireWire enclosure for a laptop hard drive and SuperDuper! cloning software. If you’re using a different setup, your installation process may be somewhat different.
        • Install your new hard drive in the external USB/FireWire enclosure.
        • Connect the USB/FireWire enclosure to your Mac.
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          

          Step 20 

          • Under the "Go" pulldown menu, select "Utilities."
          • Open "Disk Utility" from the "Utilities" window.
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            

            Step 21 

            • Select your new hard drive from the left column in Disk Utility.
            • The correct partition type needs to be set for your new hard drive.
              • If it's a brand-new hard drive, it may have no partition listed.
              • For an Intel-based machine, you should have "GUID Partition Table" listed.
              • For a Power-PC-based machine, you should have "Apple Partition Map" listed.
            • If the incorrect partition type is listed, proceed to the next step to delete and re-create the partition. If not, proceed to step 24.
            • Warning: Deleting the partition will erase the entire contents of the partition. Make sure you have selected the new hard drive!
              
              
              
              
              
              
              

              Step 22 

              • The following two steps are only necessary if your drive's partition is set incorrectly. Erasing a partition will permanently erase all information stored inside.
              • Select the partition on the drive and click the "-" button.
              • When prompted, click the "Remove" button to remove the drive's existing partitions.
              • Once the partitions have been removed, click the "Options..." button.
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

  Step 23 

  • Select the partition scheme required for your machine:
    • Select "GUID Partition Table" for Intel-based machines.
    • Select "Apple Partition Map" for PowerPC-based machines.
  • Click "Ok."
  • Press the "+" button to add a new partition.
  • Press the "Apply" button.
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    

    Step 24 

    • Click the “Erase” tab.
    • Choose the Volume format (we recommend “Mac OS Extended (Journaled)”)
    • Type in a name for the drive.
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      

      
      

      

      
      
      
      

      Step 25 

      
      
      • There may be an option to "Install Mac OS 9 Drivers" under the Erase panel. We do not recommend installing these drivers unless the disk will be used in any environment other than Mac OS X.
      • Uncheck the "Install Mac OS 9 Disk Drivers" box.
      • Click “Erase.”
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        

        Step 26 

        • A warning window will pop up and ask if you wish to continue with the erasing process.
        • Click "Erase" on the warning window that has popped up.
        • When you are asked if you want to use the new drive to backup data with time machine, click "Cancel."
        • After the drive has been erased, quit Disk Utility.
        • The new hard drive should now appear on your computer’s desktop.
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          

          Step 27 

          • Download and install SuperDuper!
          • Open SuperDuper!.
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            

            Step 28 

            • Select your current hard drive in the dropdown menu labeled “Copy.”
            • Select your new hard drive in the dropdown menu labeled “to.”
            • Select “Backup – all files” in the dropdown menu labeled “using.”
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
              

              Step 29 

              • Click “Copy Now.”
              • If prompted, provide your password.
              • Click "Ok."
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                

                Step 30 

                • Wait for the drive to copy (this could take several hours if you have a lot on your hard drive).
                • When prompted for registration by SuperDuper!, either choose "Register" to purchase the software or "Later" to register later.
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  

                  Step 31 

                  • After the copy is complete, click "Ok" and quit SuperDuper!.
                  • At this point, your new hard drive should be loaded with your existing software and ready to install; however, we recommend testing the software installation.
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    

                    Step 32 

                    • Hold down the “option” key and restart the computer to bring up the boot option menu.
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      

                      Step 33 

                      • Select your new hard drive from the boot option menu.
                      • Wait for the computer to boot up and verify that you are actually booting up off the new drive. If you are in fact booting off the new drive, its icon will appear beneath the internal drive's icon on the desktop.
                      • Your new hard drive is now ready to be installed in your computer.
                      • Remove your new hard drive from the external enclosure and install it in your computer. Installation instructions are available for a variety of Macs.
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                            Thank You
                  
                  
              
              

How to Install Mac OS X on a PC (Without Using a Mac)

• July 14, 2012
• By Gaurav Singhal

There are many great tutorials on the web forusing a Mac to install Mac OS X Snow Leopard on a PC. Unfortunately, you may be unable to follow such tutorials if you do not readily have access to a Mac to perform the preparation necessary for the installation.

Great progress has been made in hacking PCs to run OS X, and it is now possible to install Mac OS X without a Mac. Thanks to some great tools put together by some brilliant hackers, it is also much easier and does not involve nearly as much time and effort as was once required.

Step 1: Getting The Hardware Ready

I recently purchased the following set of hardware for the purposes of building a Hackintosh (often PCs running Mac OS X are referred to as such):

• Intel Core i3-530 Clarkdale 2.93GHz
• Gigabyte GA-H55M-USB3 Motherboard
• 4 GB DDR3 1333 RAM (2 x 2GB)
• DVD Burner
• MicroATX Computer Case
• 585 Watt Power Supply
• 4-pin to 8-pin Power Adapter

Step 2: Putting The Hardware Together

If you purchase the hardware I used, along with a hard drive and NVIDIA GeForce video card, you should be able to follow the instructions exactly as I’ve laid them out. If you’ve never built a PC before but are willing to give it a try, you’ll definitely want to check out The Idiot’s Ultimate Guide to Build Your Own PC. It is a step-by-step guide to building your own PC, with plenty of photos to help you out.

You can try following this tutorial with existing hardware you have as well, although you may need to make adjustments when configuring the BIOS and installing the boot loader. The more modern your hardware is, the better the chances are it will work for you. It would be best if you have a 64-bit Intel dual-core (or quad-core) processor, although an older CPU might still work as well. I would recommend NVIDIA GeForce video card, but ATI cards should work too.

Step 3: Prepare The Boot Disk

In addition to the hardware and a retail copy of Mac OS X Snow Leopard, you’ll also need a blank CD. You may want to use a rewritable CD if you’re using a different hardware configuration, just in case the first one I recommend doesn’t work for you. There are two boot disk images that will allow you to install OS X directly from the installation DVD:

• iBoot (by tonymacx86 and MacMan)
• Empire EFI (by Prasys)

I successfully used both of them with my hardware setup. However I recommend you try iBoot first, as it is a bit leaner and doesn’t take as long to boot. If you’re using my hardware configuration, be sure to download the iBoot Supported disk image. If you use Empire EFI, download the 

Empire EFI v1.085 R2 image.

You can use one of many free programs to burn CDs if you don’t have one. Be sure to use the disk image burning mode in your CD burning software. Do not just simply copy the disk image file to a blank CD. I like InfraRecorder, because it makes this very easy. All you have to do is click the Write Image button, select the image, and burn it. Once again, you may wish to use rewritable media if you’re using a different hardware configuration than mine.

Step 4: Bios Configuration

Fortunately, the Gigabyte GA-H55M-USB3 does not require a lot of configuration to run Mac OS X. When you first turn on or reboot the machine, press the delete key to enter the BIOS setup. You can just load the Optimized Defaults, and just make a few changes within three sections of the bios: Advanced BIOS Features, Integrated Peripherals, and Power Management Setup.

4.1 – First, go to Advanced BIOS Features and set the First Boot Device to CDROM. I have my USB drive as the second drive and then Hard Disk as third – you can configure yours the same way if you wish to ever boot from a USB drive. Just be sure that Hard Disk is the Second Boot Device or Third Boot Device.

4.2 – Next, configure SATA to run in AHCI mode in the Integrated Peripherals menu. You’ll need to set both PCH SATA Control Mode and Onboard SATA/IDE Ctrl Mode to AHCI.

4.3 – Finally, go to Power Management Setup and set the HPET Mode to 64-bit mode.

Step 5: Installing Mac OS X

5.1 – Insert the iBoot (or Empire EFI) boot disk.

5.2 – When you see screen below, eject the disk.

5.3 – Insert the Retail Mac OS X Snow Leopard DVD, wait a few seconds, and press F5.

5.4 – When you see the screen below, select Mac OS X Install DVD (it should already be selected) and press Enter.

5.5 – If all goes well, you should eventually see the language selection screen for the installer. If all did not go well and you do not make it to the language selection screen, try downloading a different version of iBoot or Empire EFI.

5.6 – Select your language and click the arrow to proceed.

5.7 – Next, you need to partition your drive. Click on Utilities > Disk Utility.

5.8 – Select your disk drive.

5.9 – Click Partition.

5.10 – Select 1 Partition for the partition scheme. Note: If you have a drive that is larger than 2 TB, do not create partitions larger than 1 TB. Split the drive into multiple partitions, and be sure the main installation partition is 1 TB or smaller.

5.11 – Enter a name for the partition (I used Hackintosh).

5.12 – Select Mac OS Extended (Journaled) as the Format.

5.13 – Click Options…, select GUID Partition Table, and then click OK.

5.14 – Click Apply.

5.15 – Quit Disk Utility and proceed with the installation. Install on the Hackintosh partition.

Step 6: Installing the Boot Loader

Do not fret when you reboot after the installation and get a boot error, as you will need to first boot the machine with iBoot (or Empire EFI). Eject the Mac OS X Snow Leopard install DVD, put your boot CD back into the drive, and reboot the machine. Now when you boot up, you should see a second choice for your installation partition (Hackintosh if you named it that way). Select the Hackintosh partition and press Enter to boot into OS X.

Once you’ve completed the first-run setup, open up Safari and download Multibeast. Multibeast is another superb tool by tonymacx86 and MacMan that makes it stupid easy to install the boot loader, along with all the drivers necessary for your Hackintosh to function properly.

In addition to downloading Multibeast, you will need to download the DSDT for the Gigabyte GA-H55M-USB3 and copy it to the desktop. Be sure to save it as

DSDT.aml

. Launch Multibeast and make the following selections (your choices will differ if you have a different motherboard/hardware configuration):

• UserDSDT
• System Utilities
• Advanced Options > Kexts > Audio > LegacyHDA > ALC889
• Advanced Options > Kexts > Graphics > NVEnabler
• Advanced Options > Kexts > Network > RealtekR1000SL
• Advanced Options > Patched Kernels > 10.3.1 Supported Kernel

After MultiBeast finishes installing, eject the iBoot CD and reboot the system. You should be able to boot right up from the hard drive, and all your devices should work just fine.

 Getting Started with Your New Mac

Windows Server 2008: Read-Only Domain Controller (RODC)

A Read-Only Domain Controller (RODC) is a new type of domain controller in Windows Server 2008. Its main purpose is to improve security in office branches. In this post, I summarize the functionality of RODC.

In office branches, it is often not easy to provide sufficient physical security for servers. It is not a big deal to manipulate a Windows system if you can get physical access to it. Since Domain controllers store security sensitive data, they are particularly endangered. RODCs can help with this problem in four ways:

RODC essentials

• Read-only feature: An intruder on the RODC can’t manipulate the Active Directory database.
• DNS protection: If the RODC server hosts a DNS server, the intruder won’t be able to tamper with the DNS data.
• Password protection: A malicious user won’t be able to access passwords using a brute-force-attack. This applies only if password caching is disabled on the RODC.
• Administrator Role Separation: You can delegate a local Administrator role to a domain user.

Read-only Domain Controller

• An RODC holds all Active Directory objects and attributes.
• RODCs only support unidirectional replication of Active Directory changes (i.e., from the forest to the RODC).
• If an application needs write access to Active Directory objects, the RODC will send an LDAP referral response that redirects the application to a writable domain controller.

DNS Protection

• A DNS server running on an RODC doesn’t support dynamic updates.
• If a client wants to update its DNS record, the RODC will send a referral for a writeable DNS server.
• The client can then update against this DNS server.
• This single record will then be replicated from the writable DNS server to the RODC DNS server.

Password Protection

• By default, an RODC doesn’t store user or computer credentials. (The only exception is the computer account of the RODC itself and a special krbtgt account.)
• However, an RODC can cache passwords.
• If a password isn’t cached, the RODC will forward the authentication request to a writeable DC.
• The Password Replication Policy determines the user groups for which passwords caching will be allowed (more about this in my next post).

Administrator Role Separation:

• A domain user having the Administrator role on an RODC doesn’t have to be a domain admin. 
• A domain user having the Administrator role can do maintenance work on the RODC such as installing software. 
• If an intruder gains access to the credentials of this local administrator account, he will not be able to make changes on other domain controllers.

Windows Server 2008: How to install and configure an RODC

Yesterday, I summarized the features of a new type of domain controller in Windows Server 2008, the Read-only Domain Controller (RODC). Today, I will describe how to install and configure an RODC.

Installing an RODC

• One needs at least one writable Windows Server 2008 domain controller to which the RODC can forward authentication requests.
• The functional level of the domain and the forest must be Windows Server 2003 or higher.
• If your domain level is Windows Server 2003 you have to run adprep /rodcprep before you install the first RODC.
• You can use a standard Windows Server 2008 or Server Core as an RODC.
• To install an RODC run dcpromo. The wizard lets you choose to install the DC as RODC.

Administrator Role Separation

• To configure the Administrators role, launch a command prompt and enter dsmgmt, then enter local roles, and then type add <DOMAIN>\<user> Administrators
• To display the Administrators role on the local roles prompt type: show role Administrators
• To display other roles, type list roles on the local roles prompt.

Password Protection Policy

• To configure the Password Protection Policy, you have to open the properties of the RODC computer object in the Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in.
• Click on the Password Protection Policy tab to configure groups for which password caching will be allowed and for which password caching will be denied.
• “Deny” overrides “allow”.
• The RODC will cache the password after the user logs on the first time. Note that only users with cached passwords can logon if no writeable DC is available.
• Click on Advanced to display a list of users for which the passwords have been cached.

Windows Server 2008: the disadvantages of RODCs

I don’t have much experience with RODCs yet. However, I already see some of the downsides of this new kind of domain controller:

• If you add RODCs to your network, you certainly increase the complexity. RODCs simply work differently than DCs, which means that new kind of problems might come up.
• Administrators need to invest time to learn how to manage RODCs.
• Some third party products will not work together with RODCs.
• An RODC usually needs a writeable domain controller to work properly. For example, users can’t change passwords, computers can’t join the domain, accounts whose passwords haven’t been cached can’t logon, and Group Policy doesn’t work properly if no writable RODC is available. This means that an RODC doesn’t provide the same failure safety like a writeable DC.

Don’t underestimate the first two points. At first, I thought, it can’t be too difficult installing an RODC. After all, it is just a DC with reduced functionality, i.e. with only unidirectional replication. However, it took me more time than expected to set up a test environment.

My RODC had two network cards, one was in the same sub network as the writeable DC, and the other network card was connected to the same sub network as my clients. Most things worked fine. However, I wasn’t able to authenticate against the RODC if the writeable DC was offline. In theory, this should work if the user’s password is cached on the RODC. Even though I could see that the password was cached, I always got this error message: The trust relationship between this workstation and the primary domain failed. However, if the writeable DC was online, I had no problems logging on to the RODC.

Maybe my configuration was not correct or maybe there was a bug involved. I didn’t try too long to solve this problem, since Windows Server 2008 is still beta. But this example shows how new kind of problems can arise. With two writable DCs I wouldn’t have to invest extra time. Time is money. Maybe it makes more sense to invest this money in a better physical protection of the servers in your branch offices.

There are certainly environments where it makes sense to work with RODCs. Big companies with Active Directory specialists probably won’t be afraid of the increased complexity. However, since bandwidth gets cheaper almost every day, it is probably only a matter of time until domain controllers in branch offices will not be necessary anymore. So maybe it is a bit late for this new technology.